Effectiveness of different interventions in public nurseries based on food and nutrition education: promoting breast-feeding and healthy complementary feeding.

OBJECTIVE: Food practices in the early years of life are important to form healthy eating habits; therefore, it is essential for the caregivers of infants to receive appropriate guidance. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different nutritional interventions on complementary feeding practices in municipal nurseries. DESIGN: Non-randomized controlled intervention study with education professionals and parents of infants (<2 years). Participants were divided into: control group (CG), standard food and nutrition education in writing; and intervention group (IG), the same information as the CG and face-to-face meetings (professionals, 8 h; parents, 5 h). Changes in professionals' knowledge on the subject and alterations in parents' beliefs, attitudes and intentions were assessed using questionnaires before and after the educational activities. SETTING: Ten public nurseries in Nova Lima, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2015. SUBJECTS: Ninety professionals (fifty in CG; forty in IG) and 169 parents (ninety-seven in CG; seventy-two in IG). RESULTS: After the intervention, there was a significant increase in the mean number of correct responses given by professionals in the IG (12·2 v. 10·7; P=0·001). In addition, there were improvements among the parents of the IG in relation to beliefs (soups and broths do not nourish my child: P=0·012), attitudes (offer meat from the sixth month: P=0·032) and intentions (do not offer soups and broths: P=0·003; offer vegetables: P=0·018; offer meat: P<0·001). CONCLUSIONS: Face-to-face nutritional intervention had a significantly greater effect on the parameters evaluated, indicating the importance of adequate guidance in childcare services to support the introduction of complementary feeding.

Efetividade de intervenções em creches públicas pautadas na educação alimentar e nutricional com diferentes abordagens na promoção da alimentação complementar saudável / Effectiveness of interventions in public day care centers based on food and nutrition education with different approaches in the promotion of healthy complementary feeding

lntrodução: As praticas alimentares nos primeiros anos de vida constituem marco importante na formação de hábitos saudáveis, sendo fundamental que todos os envolvidos no processo de cuidar da criança recebam orientações sobre o aleitamento materno e a adequada introdução dos alimentos complementares. Objetivo: lnvestigar a efetividade de abordagens diferentes de intervenções nutricionais sobre o conhecimento, crenças, atitudes e intenções de cuidadores de lactentes das creches municipais de Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, em relação a alimentação complementar. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção controlado, não randomizado, efetuado com profissionais da educação e pais de crianças matriculadas nos berçários I e II das creches publicas do referido município. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos: controle (GC) - educação alimentar e nutricional padrão composta pela oferta de orientações escritas; e intervenção (GI) que além de receber as informações do GC participou de quatro reuniões bimestrais sobre alimentação complementar saudável. Utilizou-se como base para as ações materiais institucionais como o Guia Alimentar para Crianças Menores de Dois Anos e Cademos de Atenção Básica. Em ambos os grupos, avaliou- se antes e após as atividades educativas (duração média: 8 meses), a mudança no conhecimento dos profissionais sobre o tema e as crenças, atitudes e intenções dos pais por meio de questionários específicos. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e aplicação dos testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher, Mcnemar, t de Student, Wilcoxon, correlacaode Spearman e Ancova, a um nivel de 5% de siqnificância, Resultados: Participaram do estudo 90 profissionais (GC: 50 e GI: 40) e 169 pais de alunos (GC:97 e Gl:72).Ap6s as intervenções, houve incremento significativo na...

Introduction: The eating habits in the early years of life are an important milestone in the formation of healthy habits. It is essential that everyone involved in the care of children receive guidance on breastfeeding and complementary feeding. Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of different approaches of nutritional intervention on knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and intentions of caregivers of children ages 4 to 24 months of child day care municipal centers in Nova Lima I Minas Gerais. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted as a non-randomized controlled intervention with education professionals and parents of children enrolled in nursery I and II of childday care municipal centers. The participants were divided into two groups: control (GC)- Standard food and nutrition education guidance through written guidelines; and intervention (GI) that in addition to receiving the GC information, participated in four bimonthly meetings about complementary healthy feeding. It was used as basis for actions, institutional material as the Food Guide for Children Under Two Years and Primary Care Notebooks. In both groups was evaluated before and after the educational activities (average duration: 8 months), the change in the professionals'knowledge on the subject and the change in beliefs, attitudes and parental intentions through specific questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and application of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney, chi-square, Fisher's exact, McNemar, Student t, Wilcoxon, Spearman correlation and Ancova at a level of 5%significance. Results: The study included 90 professionals (GC: 50 and GI: 40) and 169 parents of children GC:97 e Gl:72). After the interventions, there was a significant increase in the average of right answers of the professionals in GI ([12,2 (11.6 -12.7) vs 10.7 (10.2 -11.2) in GC; p = 0,001] and improvement among parents of...

Promovendo o autocuidado em diabetes na educação individual e em grupo / Promoting selfcare in diabetes mellitus individually and in group work / Promoviendo el autocuidado en diabetes en la educación individual y en grupo

O presente trabalho consiste em descrever as estratégias de educação individual e em grupo na promoção doautocuidado quanto ao diabetes Mellitus. O estudo foi realizado com 46 pessoas com diabetes tipo 2 em seguimento no Programa Educativo do Hospital-Escola. O acompanhamento do processo educativo ocorreu porseis meses, durante o ano de 2008. O funcionamento da educação em grupo consistia de três encontros mensais por meio de dinâmicas lúdicas e interativas, proporcionando a troca de experiências entre os participantes. Na consulta individual foram feitas perguntas para identificar as características biopsicossociais, sociodemográficas e histórico-ocupacionais, permitindo conhecer a pessoa, seus hábitos de vida e suas práticasde autocuidado. Nos grupos operativos os indivíduos compartilharam experiências com os colegas, estimulandoa maior adesão ao tratamento. A prática educativa individual e em grupo apresenta-se como uma maneira eficazde conscientizar o indivíduo sobre a importância do autocuidado, além de possibilitar a estes e aos profissionaisde saúde discussão das informações acerca da doença e do tratamento.

The purpose of the present study was to describe the strategies of individual and group education in promotingself-care in Diabetes Mellitus. The study was conducted with 46 individuals with type 2 diabetes at follow-up of aUniversity Hospital Education Program. The follow-up of the educational process lasted six months during 2008.The education group had three monthly meetings for dynamic and interactive play for the exchange of experiencebetween participants. In the individual session questions were asked to identify the bio-psychosocial, sociodemographicand occupational characteristics. The meeting allowed to better know the individuals, their livinghabits and self-care practices. In groups they shared experiences with colleagues, encouraging greater adhesionto treatment. The educational practice in groups or individually is an effective way to make the individuals awareof the importance of self-care. It is an opportunity when individuals and health professionals discuss all theinformation about the disease and treatment.

Describir las estrategias de educación individuales y en grupo en la promoción del autocuidado en DiabetesMellitus. El estudio fue realizado con 46 personas con diabetes tipo 2 durante el seguimiento en el ProgramaEducativo del Hospital/Escuela. El seguimiento del proceso educativo ocurrió por seis meses durante el añode2008. El funcionamiento de la educación en grupo consistía de tres reuniones mensuales por medio dedinámicas lúdicas e interactivas, proporcionando el cambio de experiencias entre los participantes. En la consultaindividual fueron hechas preguntas para identificar las características biopsicosociales, socio-demográficas ehistórico ocupacional permitiendo conocer a la persona, sus hábitos de vida y sus prácticas de autocuidado. Enlos grupos operativos los individuos comparten experiencias con colegas, estimulando la mayor adhesión altratamiento. La práctica educativa individual y en grupo se presenta como la mejor manera eficaz de concienciaral individuo sobre la importancia del autocuidado, además de posibilitar a éstos y a los profesionales de saluddiscusión de las informaciones sobre la enfermedad y el tratamiento.

[The process of creating guidebooks for orienting self-care in the Diabetes educational program]. / O processo de elaboração de cartilhas para orientação do autocuidado no programa educativo em Diabetes.

This study aimed at describing the experience of creating guidebooks on self-care, performed with individuals with diabetes of the Teaching Hospital, by professors and undergraduate students of the Nursing School at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Problems and issues related to self-care and diabetes were raised in the healthcare workshops held with professors and students. Based on Freire's methodology, meetings were held with individuals with diabetes according to directives for the construction of the guidebooks that included the selection of content, style and format of the material. The creativity present in the images during the topic discussions made the meetings into a rich moment of exchange, where the participants could express ideas, values, beliefs and life histories. The messages were well-planned, comprehensible and attractive, and the individuals considered them effective in helping them in the educational activities and diabetes self-care.

O processo de elaboração de cartilhas para orientação do autocuidado no programa educativo em Diabetes / El proceso de elaboración de cartillas para orientar el autocuidado en el programa de educación en Diabetes / The process of creating guidebooks for orienting self-care in the Diabetes educational program

Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a experiência da elaboração de cartilhas sobre a educação do autocuidado realizada junto aos indivíduos com Diabetes do Hospital-Escola, por docentes e alunos de graduação da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. A partir das oficinas de saúde realizada com docentes e alunos, foram levantados problemas e questões relacionadas ao autocuidado em Diabetes. Com base na filosofia freireana, foram realizados encontros com os indivíduos com Diabetes, seguindo um roteiro de trabalho para a construção das cartilhas que incluiu a seleção de conteúdos, estilo e formato do material. A criatividade presente nas imagens durante as discussões sobre os assuntos fez dos encontros um rico momento de troca, em que os participantes expuseram idéias, valores, crenças, e histórias de vida. As mensagens foram bem planejadas, compreensíveis e atrativas, e os indivíduos consideraram-nas eficazes para auxiliar nas atividades educativas e no autocuidado em Diabetes.

This study aimed at describing the experience of creating guidebooks on self-care, performed with individuals with diabetes of the Teaching Hospital, by professors and undergraduate students of the Nursing School at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Problems and issues related to self-care and diabetes were raised in the healthcare workshops held with professors and students. Based on Freire's methodology, meetings were held with individuals with diabetes according to directives for the construction of the guidebooks that included the selection of content, style and format of the material. The creativity present in the images during the topic discussions made the meetings into a rich moment of exchange, where the participants could express ideas, values, beliefs and life histories. The messages were well-planned, comprehensible and attractive, and the individuals considered them effective in helping them in the educational activities and diabetes self-care.

Este estudio objectivó describir la experiencia de elaborar cartillas para educar sobre el autocuidado. Ejecutado por docentes y alumnos de graduación de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad Federal de "Minas Gerais" con personas Diabéticas del Hospital/Escuela. Realizando talleres en salud, ejecutado por docentes y alumnos, siendo levantados problemas y preguntas relacionadas al autocuidado en Diabetes. Fundamentados en Freire fueron realizadas reuniones con personas diabéticas utilizando una guía de trabajo para la construcción de cartillas, que incluyó la selección de contenidos, estilo y formado del material. La creatividad en las imágenes generó discusiones de intercambio enriquecedoras sobre el asunto, en las cuales los participantes expusieron ideas, valores, creencias e historia de vida. Los mensajes fueron muy bien planificados, comprensibles y atractivos, siendo considerados por los sujetos eficaces y de apoyo en las actividades educativas y en el autocuidado sobre Diabetes.